I'm not able to get updates on Server 2008 w/ Premium Assurance (via MAS, no Bypass ESU), it just gives the error code C8000266. These errors show in Event Viewer from the source ESENT: wuaueng.dll (236) SUS20ClientDataStore: Unable to rollback operation #18625 on database C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\DataStore\DataStore.edb. Error: -614. All future database updates will be rejected. wuaueng.dll (236) SUS20ClientDataStore: The database engine stopped the instance (0) with error (-1090).
update: Download the latest SSU, Windows rollup, and .NET rollups manually from the Update Catalog. Windows Update will work for everything else after that.