Appreciate the links, but unfortunately won't work here. SBS 2003 is 32bit and last 32bit OS is 2008. While the hardware supports 64bit, there is a problem with the SBS setup that won't let AD replication work as expected and I'm hoping that doing an inplace upgrade might "fix it". But to upgrade from SBS 2003 to 2008 I need to get the transition kit. The other approach is a rebuild or fixing AD replication some other way. It's a strange error.