16.0 is similar to win10 LTSC (long time service) - ~montly update 16.1 - 16.x have shorter service time (~daily update)
You can't run VS Studio on a USB stick, it would be pain in the ass anyway. But you could use VS Code (or VS Codium) which is "light way", but even this runs like crap on a USB drive because every electron based app uses lots of CPU resources and they typically write a lot on disk.